Prior to his congressional tenure, Scalise served for four months in the Louisiana State Senate and twelve years in the Louisiana House of Representatives. On June 19, 2014, Scalise was elected by his Republican colleagues to serve as Majority Whip of the United States House of Representatives.
On June 14, 2017, Scalise was shot in the hip along with some of his aides by a gunman using a rifle during a congressional baseball practice at the Eugene Simpson Baseball Fields in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia. Representative Mo Brooks, who was also at the practice, witnessed the attack and said he saw someone with a rifle behind the third base dugout.
Brooks then heard Scalise scream from second base and rushed to help him, using his belt as a tourniquet to stop Scalise's bleeding. According to Brooks, "at least five" people were shot. Senator Rand Paul, also a witness, said he heard "as many as 50 shots" and saw a staffer climb a fence to flee the area. Around 8 AM the same day it was reported that Scalise was in a stable condition.